classmate workmates( 八 ) _「广东龙网」

The robot who rescues Spooner\'s life in i, robot follows Asimov\'s zero law: robots cannot harm humanity (as opposed to individual humans or allow humanity to come to harm--an expan-sion of the first law that allows robots to determine what\'s in the greater good. under the first law.a robot could not harm a dangerous gunman, but under the zero" law, a robot could kill the gunman to save others.
Whether it\'s possible to program a robot with safeguards such as asimov\'s laws is debatable A word such as"harm"is vague (what about emotional harm? is replacing a human employee harm?)and abstract concepts present coding problems. the robots in asime complications and loopholes in the three laws, and even when the laws work, robots still have to asscss situations.
Assessing situations can be complicated. a robot has to identify the players, conditions, and possible outcomes for warious scennrios. It\'s doubtful that a computer program can do that-at least, not without some undesirable results. A robotocost at the bristol robotics laboratory pro
grammed a robot to save human proxies(替身)called"H\'bots"from danger. when one H-bot of headed for danger,the robot sucecssfully pushed it out the way. but when two h-bots became imperiled, the robot choked 42 percent of the time, unable to decide which to save and letting them both die .The robot choked 42 percent of the time, unable to decide which to save and letting them headed for danger, the robot successfully pushed it.how can a robot decide whom to save or what\'s best for humanity, especially if it can\'t calculate survival odds?
46. what question does the example in the movie raise?
a whether robots can reach better decisions
b)whether robots follow Asimov\'s zero\'law
c)how robots may make bad judgments
d) how robots should be programmed
47. what does the author think of asimov\'s three laws of robotics?
a) they are apparently divorced from reality
b) they did not follow the coding system of robotics
c) they laid a solid foundation for robotics.
d) they did not take moral issues into consideration.
48. what does the author say about asimov s robots?
a they know what is good or bad for human beings
b)they are programmed not to hurt human beings
c) they perform duties in their owners\'best interest.
d) they stop working when a moral issue is involved.
49. what does the author want to say by mentioning the word"harm"in asimovs laws?
a abstract concepts are hard to program.
b) it is hard for robots to make decisions.
c) robots may do harm in certain situations.
d) laws use too many vague terms.
50. what has the roboticist at the bristol robotics laboratory found in his experiment?
a)robots can be made as intelingent as human beiegs some day.
b)robots can have moral issues encoded into their programs.
c)robots can have trouble making decisions in complex scenarios.
d)robots can be programmed to perceive potential perils.
Passage Two
Questions 5i to 55 are based on the following passage.
Our world now moves so fast that we seldom stop to see just how far we have come in just a few years.The lasest iPhone6s,for example,has a dual-core processor and fits nicely into your pocket.by comparison, you would expect to find a technological specification like this on your standard laptop in an office anywhere in the world.
It\'s no wonder that device we buy has a plug on the end of it or a wireless connection to internet soon.our current smartphone lifestyle will expand to create our own smart home lifestyle too.
All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices.things and sensors will be connnected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that Millennias(千禧一代)are expected to make up 75 percent of our overall workforce, and the fully connected home become a reality for large numbers of people worldwide.
However,this is just the tip of the provebial iceberg as smart buildings and even cities incrasimgly become the norm as leaders and business owners begin to wake up to the massive savings that technology can deliver through connected sensors and new forms of automation coupled with intelligent energy and facilities managemen.

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